华埠服务中心 · Chinatown Service Center

看懂 Offer 与福利

Job Offers & Benefits Workshop

点击开始 · Click to begin ←→

今天学什么 · Today's Agenda

三大主题 Three Key Topics

Offer信 · 工资 · 福利 Offer Letter · Pay · Benefits — 30 minutes

①

Offer信 Offer Letter

如何看懂雇主的录用信 How to read the offer letter

②

工资 Pay

毛工资 · 净工资 · 税 Gross, net, and taxes

③

福利 Benefits

医保 · 401k · 假期 Health · 401k · PTO

Offer信Offer Letter

看懂录用信 Reading Your Offer Letter

这五项一定要看清楚 — 签字前先确认 Five things to check before you sign

1

职位名称Job title

Job Title — 与面试讨论的一致吗？Does it match what you discussed in the interview?
2

入职日期Start date

Start Date — 哪一天上班？需要时间通知现雇主吗？Start Date — when does work begin? Time to notify current employer?
3

工资金额Pay amount

Pay / Salary — 时薪还是年薪？多少？发薪频率？Hourly or salary? How much? How often paid?
4

工作时间Work hours

Hours / Schedule — 全职还是兼职？周末？加班？Full-time or part-time? Weekends? Overtime?
5

福利和假期Benefits & time off

Benefits — 医保？401k？带薪假期？什么时候开始？Health insurance? 401k? Paid time off? When does it start?

工资类型Pay Types

工资种类 Two Types of Pay

您是 "时薪" 还是 "年薪"？ — 两者很不一样 Hourly vs Salary — they work very differently

时薪 HourlyHourly Pay

按小时计算工资Paid by the hour

每小时多少钱$X per hour
超过 40 小时算加班 (1.5×)Over 40 hrs/week = overtime (1.5×)
必须打卡 — 记录工时Must clock in/out — track all hours
病假、假期可能少Fewer benefits in some jobs

年薪 SalarySalary Pay

固定金额，无论工作几小时Fixed amount regardless of hours

每年总数 (例：$50,000)Total per year (e.g. $50,000)
通常没有加班费Usually no overtime pay
福利通常较好Typically better benefits
需有学历或专业经验Usually requires degree or expertise

💡 发薪频率 Pay Frequency 💡 Pay Frequency

"Biweekly" 双周发薪 = 每两周一次 (一年26次) · "Semi-monthly" 月内两次 = 每月15号和月底 (一年24次) "Biweekly" = every 2 weeks (26/year) · "Semi-monthly" = twice a month, often 15th and last day (24/year)

医疗保险Health Insurance

医疗保险三个词 Three Health Insurance Words

看懂这三个词 — 您就明白医保怎么付钱 Three key terms to understand your health plan

Premium

月供Monthly Premium

每月固定要付的钱 — 通常从工资里扣Monthly cost — usually deducted from your paycheck

Deductible

自付额Annual Deductible

您先自付到这个数 — 保险才开始报销Amount you pay before insurance starts to help

Copay

挂号费Visit Copay

每次看医生付一点 — 通常 $20–50Small fixed amount per visit — usually $20–50

📝 简单例子 Example 📝 Simple Example

月供 $150 (从工资里扣) · 自付额 $1,000 (生病前先付够) · 每次看医生 $30 — 这就是一份典型的医保。 $150/month premium · $1,000 deductible (you pay first) · $30 per doctor visit — that's a typical health plan.

练一练 · 互动活动Activity · Practice

算算实际拿多少 Calculate Your Take-Home Pay

毛工资 ≠ 银行收到的钱 — 算算差多少 Gross pay is NOT what hits your bank — let's see how much

小李时薪 $20，一周做 40 小时，两周发一次薪 — 实际拿多少？ Li earns $20/hr, works 40 hrs/week, paid biweekly — what does she take home?

毛工资 Gross PayGross Pay (毛工资) $1,600.00

$20 × 40 小时 × 2 周$20 × 40 hrs × 2 weeks = $1,600

毛工资 Gross PayGross Pay $1,600.00

联邦税 Federal Tax (~10%)Federal Tax − $160.00

加州税 CA State Tax (~3%)CA State Tax − $48.00

社安税 Social Security (6.2%)Social Security − $99.20

医疗税 Medicare (1.45%)Medicare − $23.20

加州 SDI (1%)CA SDI − $16.00

净工资 Take-HomeNet / Take-Home Pay $1,253.60

💡 大约 22% 被扣 — 这就叫 "扣税" 💡 About 22% comes out — these are "payroll deductions"

每个人扣多少不同 — 看您的 W-4 怎么填、有没有医保、401k 等。 Exact amount varies by W-4, health plan, and 401k choices.

退休账户Retirement

401k：免费的钱 401k: Free Money

雇主帮你存钱进退休账户 — 千万别错过 Employer adds money to your retirement — don't miss it

您存：3%You contribute: 3%

$60

雇主配：3%Employer matches: 3%

+$60

总共：6%Total saved: 6%

$120

✨ 雇主配的钱 = 免费的钱！这是您工资的一部分。 ✨ Employer match = FREE MONEY! It's part of your total pay.

大多数雇主：您存 3–6%，他们配同样的。不存就等于放弃这笔钱。 Most employers match 3–6%. If you don't contribute, you give up free money.

带薪假期Paid Time Off

假期与病假 Time Off & Sick Days

您的权利 + 美国常见水平 Your rights + typical amounts in the U.S.

带薪休假Vacation / PTO

Paid Vacation带薪休假

10–15 天/年10–15 days/year

入职第一年通常较少，越久越多Usually less in first year; grows with tenure

病假 (CA法律)CA Sick Leave

Paid Sick Days带薪病假

至少 5 天/年At least 5 days/year

加州法律规定 — 全职兼职都有 (2024起)Required by CA law for all workers (2024+)

联邦假日Federal Holidays

Paid Holidays带薪假日

6–11 天/年6–11 days/year

新年、独立日、感恩节、圣诞节等New Year, July 4, Thanksgiving, Christmas, etc.

⚖️ 重要：加州病假是法律权利 — 不能扣您工资或解雇您。 ⚖️ Important: CA sick days are a legal RIGHT — cannot be denied or punished.

如果雇主拒绝给病假，请联系华埠服务中心或加州劳工委员会 (DLSE)。 If your employer refuses, contact CSC or the CA Labor Commissioner (DLSE).

W-4 表格W-4 Form

填写 W-4 表 Filling Out the W-4

什么是 W-4？告诉雇主从工资里扣多少税 The W-4 tells your employer how much tax to withhold

填写基本信息Step 1 — Personal Info

Step 1 — 姓名、地址、社安号 (SSN) 或 ITIN、申报身份 (单身/已婚)Name, address, SSN or ITIN, filing status (single / married)
多份工作？Step 2 — Multiple Jobs?

Step 2 — 如果有两份工，或配偶也工作 — 勾这里Check this box if you have 2+ jobs or your spouse also works
家属减免Step 3 — Dependents

Step 3 — 17岁以下小孩 × $2,000 · 其他家属 × $500Children under 17: $2,000 each · Other dependents: $500 each
其他调整 (可跳过)Step 4 — Optional Adjustments

Step 4 — 其他收入、想多扣的税 — 大多数人留空Other income or extra withholding — most people leave blank
签字、写日期Step 5 — Sign & Date

Step 5 — 签名确认 — 必须签字才生效Sign and date — required to take effect

💡 拿不准？先按 "单身、0 家属" 填 — 多扣一点，报税时会退回。 💡 Not sure? File "Single / 0 dependents" — extra withholding gets refunded at tax time.

华埠服务中心可以帮您填 — 一对一辅导，免费。 CSC can help you fill it out — free one-on-one help.

互动测验Quiz

对还是错？ True or False?

两道题 — 举手投票 Two questions — raise your hand to vote

① 雇主在 Offer 信里写的工资 = 我每次发薪到手的钱。① The pay on your offer letter equals what hits your bank each payday.

The pay listed in the offer letter equals what hits your bank account.Offer信上的工资 = 实际到手金额。

🙋 举手 — 对 TRUE / 错 FALSE🙋 Raise your hand — TRUE / FALSE

✗ FALSE — 错误False

Offer信上的是 "毛工资" — 还要扣税、医保等。到手大约少 20–25%。The offer shows GROSS pay — taxes and benefits get deducted. Take-home is usually 20–25% less.

Always think about "net" (take-home) pay when budgeting — not "gross" (offer amount).When budgeting, plan around your NET (take-home) pay, not the offer letter amount.

② 雇主提供 401k 配对，但我不存钱 — 我没有任何损失。② If the employer offers a 401k match but I don't contribute, I lose nothing.

If my employer offers a 401k match and I don't contribute, I lose nothing.雇主有 401k 配对，我不存钱也无所谓。

🙋 举手 — 对 TRUE / 错 FALSE🙋 Raise your hand — TRUE / FALSE

✗ FALSE — 错误False

您放弃了雇主的免费钱！配对就是您工资的一部分 — 不存等于直接扔掉。You give up free money! A match is part of your total compensation — not using it is leaving cash on the table.

Always contribute at least enough to get the full employer match — it's free retirement money.Always contribute at least enough to capture the full employer match — it's free money.

谈判与接受Negotiate or Accept?

什么时候可以谈？ When to Negotiate vs Accept

谈判很正常 — 雇主预期您会问 Negotiation is normal — employers expect it

✓ 可以直接接受✓ Accept the Offer

薪水与您调研的相符Pay matches your research
福利好 (医保、401k、PTO)Strong benefits package
是您唯一的 Offer，急需工作It's your only offer and you need work
小时工/入门职位 — 通常不谈Hourly entry-level — usually not negotiable

→ 可以谈一谈→ Try to Negotiate

您有同行业经验或技能You have relevant experience or skills
薪水低于市场行情Offer is below market rate for the role
您有另一份 Offer 比较You have another competing offer
薪水不能谈 — 可谈入职奖金、PTO、远程If pay is fixed, ask about bonus, PTO, remote

💬 简单话术 How to ask 💬 Simple Script

"Thank you for the offer. Based on my experience, would you consider $X?" — 谢谢您的录用。考虑到我的经验，可以给到 $X 吗？ "Thank you for the offer. Based on my experience, would you consider $X?" — polite and professional.

华埠服务中心Chinatown Service Center

我们可以帮你 How We Can Help You

免费 · 双语 · 无需移民身份 Free · Bilingual · No immigration status required

看懂 Offer 信Offer Letter Help

Offer Letter ReviewOffer信解读

填 W-4 表W-4 Filing Help

W-4 / Tax Forms税表辅导

福利讲解Benefits Counseling

Benefits Counseling福利讲解

英语课程ESL Classes

English Classes (ESL)英语课程

一对一辅导1-on-1 Counseling

1-on-1 Career Counseling一对一职业辅导

福利申请Benefits Apps

Medi-Cal · Covered CA医疗补助 · Covered CA 申请

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